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The twist of the yarn is expressed as the number of twists per meter or inch. The direction of twist back is divided into S twist and Z twist. Within a certain range of twist, the strength of yarn increases with the increase of twist. The twist direction of single yarn and the twist direction of ply yarn are selected according to the use of ply yarn. Generally, single yarn and ply yarn are twisted in the opposite direction, i.e. ZS or SZ. There is an optimal twist ratio between single yarn and ply yarn. Within this range, the strength of ply yarn increases with the twist of ply yarn, and decreases when the twist exceeds the critical value. Fiber properties and spinning methods play a decisive role in yarn performance. During the twisting process of ring spun yarn, due to the transfer of fibers, the fibers are transferred repeatedly from the inner layer of the yarn to the outer layer, and then from the outer layer to the inner layer. The fibers are spiral around the yarn axis, and the spiral radius increases or decreases alternately along the axis. At this time, long fibers tend more to the axis of the yarn, while short fibers tend more to the outer layer of the yarn. Fine fibers tend to the axis of the yarn, and coarse fibers tend to the outer layer of the yarn.

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